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Gloss

Gloss, Glossy or glossyness is an optical property of material and provides information about the shiny nature of the same. Gloss measurement involves specular reflection. Specular reflection can be defined as a sharp light beam reflecting from smooth and uniform surface.

In specular reflection

Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection

Gloss value = Ratio of reflected light to incident light

Different types of gloss meters:

Metals are of very high intensity and are not angle dependent but coatings etc are angle dependent materials. That is the reason various polymer films are checked by different degree gloss meter.

Different angle of incidence is use in gloss meters.

• 20 ° - High gloss surfaces
• 60 ° - Medium gloss surfaces
• 85 ° - Matte surfaces
• 45 ° - Ceramic industry
• 75 ° - Paper industry

Test principle to measure gloss:

Gloss is measured by reflect meter as shown in the following diagram.

Ii = Incidence light

Ir = Reflected light

Gloss = (Ir*100/Ii)

Theoretically maximum possible gloss value is 100 but sometimes we get gloss value more than 100. This happens when we use inappropriate degree gloss meter and uses thin films. In these cases reflection takes place on both surface of laminating film.

ASTM D 2457 is used as reference procedure to measure gloss of thin films.